CPP Packaging Knowledge Center — Guide 01

FIBC Bulk Bags,
Explained Properly

A working reference for sizing, safe working loads, lift-loop types, coatings, and UN certification codes — written for buyers who need to spec a bag correctly the first time, not marketing copy.

7 min readReference guide
Type A – DBag classifications covered
UN 31HCertification codes decoded
Updated2026
01

What an FIBC actually is

A Flexible Intermediate Bulk Container (FIBC) — also called a bulk bag, super sack, or tote bag — is a woven polypropylene container built to move and store dry, flowable products in quantities between roughly 1,000 and 4,400 lbs. The fabric is engineered, not just sewn: fill weight, stacking height, lift method, and the product's static properties all determine which construction is correct.

HEIGHT
  • ALift loops — top corner or cross-corner loops rated to the bag's Safe Working Load; loop count and orientation determine lift method (single-point vs. 4-point forklift/crane).
  • BFill spout — top opening for gravity or pneumatic filling; can be duffle-top, spout-top, or open-top with flap.
  • CBody panel — woven polypropylene fabric, typically 5–6.5 oz/yd²; baffled construction squares off the bag for denser palletizing.
  • DBaffles — internal fabric panels sewn corner-to-corner that let the bag hold a stable cube shape under load instead of bulging.
  • EDischarge spout — bottom outlet for controlled emptying; secured with a tie, clip, or spout closure strap.
02

The four FIBC types

Type A

Standard, non-conductive

Plain woven polypropylene with no static protection. Fine for non-flammable, non-combustible products in areas without flammable atmospheres. Lowest cost option.

Type B

Low breakdown-voltage

Fabric engineered to keep breakdown voltage under 6kV, preventing propagating brush discharge. Used around combustible dusts where a Type A bag would be a hazard.

Type C

Conductive / groundable

Woven with conductive threads in a grid, forming a Faraday cage. Must be grounded via a clip during fill and discharge — required around flammable solvents and dusts.

Type D

Static-dissipative

Dissipates static without a ground connection, using engineered fabric rather than conductive threads. Common where grounding a Type C bag isn't practical.

03

Standard sizing reference

Bag footprint is typically matched to a 48"×40" pallet. The table below covers the most-ordered configurations; custom cube and fill-weight combinations are available on request.

FootprintHeightFill Weight (SWL)VolumeTypical Use
35" × 35"35"1,000–1,500 lbs~30 ft³Resins, powders, small aggregate
36" × 36"36"–45"1,500–2,200 lbs~35–45 ft³General dry bulk, minerals
39" × 39"39"–47"2,000–2,500 lbs~45–52 ft³Sand, gravel, feed, seed
41" × 41"44"–53"2,500–3,000 lbs~52–58 ft³Construction aggregate
45" × 45"45"–54"3,000–4,000 lbs~58–65 ft³High-density minerals, ore
48" × 48"48"–60"3,500–4,400 lbs~65–75 ft³Max-cube bulk shipments
04

Safe Working Load & safety factor

READ FIRST

Safe Working Load (SWL) is the maximum fill weight a bag is rated to carry — not the weight it will fail at. Every FIBC is built with a Safety Factor (SF), a multiplier between SWL and actual break strength, set by the bag's application:

5:1 — Single-trip bags (most common; one fill/discharge cycle)
6:1 — Multi-trip / reusable bags

A 5:1 bag rated for a 2,000 lb SWL is tested to withstand 10,000 lbs before failure. Never exceed the stamped SWL, and never assume a bag is multi-trip rated unless it's explicitly marked — reusing a single-trip bag is a common and preventable failure point.

05

Reading a UN certification code

If you're shipping a hazardous material (per 49 CFR / IMDG / ADR), the FIBC must carry a UN code. It looks like 13H4/Y/0824/USA/1234 — here's how to decode it:

13H4Type Code
YPacking Group
0824Mfg Date
USACountry
1234Manufacturer
13

Container class — 13 is flexible bulk container.

H

Material — H is woven plastic (most common FIBC fabric).

1/2/3/4/5

Sub-type — governs liner and body construction, e.g. 4 = with liner.

X / Y / Z

Packing Group — X (most stringent) through Z (least).

MM/YY

Month/year of manufacture — certs are valid for a defined service window.

06

Common questions

Can I reuse a single-trip FIBC?

No, unless it's explicitly rated for multi-trip use (6:1 safety factor). Single-trip bags (5:1) are certified for one fill/transport/discharge cycle only — reuse voids the rating.

Do I need a liner?

Woven poly is not moisture- or dust-tight on its own. Liners (loose PE, form-fit, or laminated) are needed for hygroscopic products, fine powders, or moisture-sensitive materials.

How many lift loops do I need?

4-loop bags are standard for forklift or crane lifting with a spreader bar. 1-loop and 2-loop bags exist for specific single-point or crane-hook applications but require different SWL engineering.

What's the difference between a duffle top and a spout top?

A duffle top is a full-width fabric extension gathered and tied shut — faster to fill, harder to seal fully dust-tight. A spout top is a narrower sleeve better suited to controlled or automated filling lines.

Not sure which FIBC spec fits your product?

Tell us your fill weight, product density, and handling method — we'll spec the right bag and quote it same day.